As well as visiting Marsden Cross recently we also explored Ruapekapeka - another historical site. This was where the final battle of the Northern land wars was fought.
Ruapekapeka was the site of the last battle of the Northern War, where about 400 Ngāpuhi and Ngāti Hine warriors stood against a combined British force of 1600. The warriors built a pā (fortification), which was cleverly adapted to the methods and armaments of European warfare. However, they were outnumbered four to one and they lacked heavy artillery. The British did not. For days, they blasted the pā with canons, howitzers, mortars, and rockets, eventually breaching the massive timber palisades.
It was fascinating to walk around the site of the British position on one hillside and then walk through the Maori defences not far away. The trenches and underground tunnels dug by the Maori were still quite easy to see.
The beautifully carved entry to the site.
Very helpful information boards at several points.
There were lots of these dugout positions of varying depths.
The underground tunnels are still clearly visible!
Who 'won' this battle is a moot point! As the final paragraph of the full article at
this link says:
After engaging the soldiers for several hours, the warriors withdrew into the bush. It was no rout. Ruapekapeka was not a besieged castle, full of terrified women and children to be defended at any cost. Kawiti chose a location that had no strategic value – there was no particular reason to hold that particular ridge. The purpose was simple: draw the enemy in, cause them a great deal of trouble, and leave when necessary. An orderly withdrawal had probably been in progress for several days before the British entered the pā.
It is difficult, then, to talk of victory and defeat. The British had taken (or were given) the enemy position, but what value was an empty pā in the middle of nowhere?
